Chaos Geordend

02 augustus 2011

Wake on LAN

To enable wake-on-LAN over the Internet, the open hardware platform Arduino is used.

Not all routers support wake-on-LAN from the Internet to LAN. This depends on whether you can configure the ARP cache and send or forward a WOL broadcast package.

To support WOL, in this case on an Apple TimeCapsule, an Arduino Ethernet Pro board is used. Thus having a low-power device (Arduino) listening for WOL.

Both the Arduino board and machine to wake-up are connected via Ethernet to the TimeCapsule. The Arduino is powered using the TimeCapsule USB port.

The Arduino is programmed to listen for wake-up packets and, if any received, send a broadcast wake-up packet.

Here a Perl CGI script is used to first send a WOL packet to the Arduino and then redirect to the domain of the server just woken up. Of course, this assumes the script to be on an other, on-line, server. For other applications, e.g. remote desktop, you can just send the WOL packet from a terminal session.

The following code is run on the Arduino:

/*
* WakeUpCube
*
* 2011-07-28 JvO, New sketch
*
* Reference links:
* http://arduino.cc/en/Reference/ServerConstructor
* http://arduino.cc/forum/index.php?topic=62185.0
*
* Derived from Arduino WakeMyPc
* Ricardo Dias
* http://ricardo-dias.com/
*
* This sketch sends the "magic packet" to wake up
* a PC on Local Area Network [when a push-button
* is pressed.]
*/

#include // needed for Arduino versions later than 0018
#include
#include // UDP library from: bjoern@cs.stanford.edu 12/30/2008

// Arduino configuration
byte arduinoMAC[] = { 0xDE, 0xAD, 0xBE, 0xEF, 0xFE, 0xED }; // Ethernet shield MAC address
byte arduinoIP[] = { 10, 0, 1, 203 };
byte gatewayIP[] = { 10, 0, 1, 1 };
byte subnetMask[] = { 255, 255, 255, 0 };
unsigned int localPort = 9; // local port to listen on

// the IP broadcast and wake-up target MAC address
byte targetIp[] = { 10, 0, 1, 255 }; // LAN broadcast address 10.0.1.255
int targetPort = 9;
byte targetMAC[] = { 0x00,0x12,0x34,0x56,0x78,0x90 }; // MAC address of the machine to wake-up

// these two variables are set when a packet is received
byte remoteIp[4]; // holds received packet's originating IP
unsigned int remotePort; // holds received packet's originating port

// buffers for receiving and sending data
char packetBuffer[UDP_TX_PACKET_MAX_SIZE]; // buffer to hold incoming packet,
char replyBuffer[] = "acknowledged"; // a string to send back

// serial connection speed
const int serialBaudRate = 9600;

// Initialisation
void setup() {

// initialize the ethernet device
Ethernet.begin( arduinoMAC, arduinoIP, gatewayIP, subnetMask );

// initialize server
Udp.begin( localPort );
}

// Main LOOP
void loop() {

delay(1000);

// if there's data available, read a packet
int packetSize = Udp.available(); // note that this includes the UDP header

if(packetSize) {
packetSize = packetSize - 8; // subtract the 8 byte header

// read the packet into packetBufffer and get the senders IP address and Port number
Udp.readPacket( packetBuffer, UDP_TX_PACKET_MAX_SIZE, remoteIp, remotePort );

// send the wake-up packet
sendPkt();
}
}

// Send the wake-up on LAN message (aka magic packet)
void sendPkt() {

byte all[102];
int i, c1, j=0;

// the 'magic packet' consists of 6 times 0xFF followed
// by 16 times the hardware address (MAC)
for( i = 0; i < 6; i++, j++ ) {
all[j] = 0xFF;
}

for( i = 0; i < 16; i++ ) {
for( c1 = 0; c1 < 6; c1++, j++ ) {
all[j] = targetMAC[c1];
}
}

Udp.sendPacket( all, 102, targetIp, targetPort );

}

The Perl CGI script to send the WOL package and redirect to the server:

#!/usr/bin/perl

###################################################
# Send Wakeup On LAN broadcast message and redirect
#
# usage: http://yourURL/cgi/wakeup.cgi
# test: http://yourURL/cgi/wakeup.cgi?test=1
#
# 25 july 2011, JvO, New script version 0.1
###################################################

use CGI;
use CGI::Carp qw( fatalsToBrowser ); # pass errors to the browser

use Socket;
use POSIX;

$query = CGI::new();

&getParms; # Get parameters
&sendWOL; # Send Wakeup on LAN
&returnHtml; # Return result page

#
# Set params
#
sub getParms {
$destAddr = "192.168.10.20"; # Destination IP Adres
$destMAC = "de:ad:be:ef:fe:ed"; # Ethernet Pro MAC address
$hostURL = "http://your.url.here"; # the URL to redirect to
$port = 9;

# Remove colons
$destMAC =~ tr/://d;

$test = $query->param("test");
}

#
# Return HTML page
#
sub returnHtml {
# redirect to the Cube
print "Content-type: text/html\n\n";

if ($test) {
print "<html><head><title>Wake on LAN</title></head>\n";
print "<body bgcolor=\"#CCCCCC\">\n";
print "<hr size=5 width=75%><p>\n";
print "<center><h1>Server at IP adres \"$destAddr\" has been sent a wakeup msg</h1></center>\n";
print "<hr size=5 width=75%>\n";
print "</body></html>\n";
}
else {
print "<meta HTTP-EQUIV=\"REFRESH\" content=\"2; url=$hostURL/gallery3\">\n";
print "<html><body>You are being redirected to $hostURL...</body></html>\n";
}
}

sub sendWOL {

# Magic packet is 6 bytes of FF followed by the MAC address 16 times
my $magic = ("\xff" x 6) . (pack('H12', $destMAC) x 16);

# create socket handle and connect
socket($sh, PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, getprotobyname('udp')) or die "Socket could not be created. Reason: $!\n";
connect($sh, sockaddr_in($port, inet_aton($destAddr))) or die print $runlog "Socket connect failed: $! host: $destAddr port: $port\n";

# send the wakeup packet
print $sh $magic;

close($sh);
}

The TimeCapsule is set to forward WOL packages, using the Airport configuration program "Advanced" option (sorry for the screenprint being in Dutch):

Geplaatst op 02 augustus 2011 11:32 | Comments (0)

02 augustus 2009

Nanotec stepperdriver breakout

Now working on a small breakout board for the Nanotec microsteppercontroller. To be used in the RepRap 3D Printer.

For those interested, you can download the Eagle files (.zip 291 KB) The parts-list you can find on Thingiverse.

For the stripboard version: if you don't use stripboard, remove the holes and move all top tracks cq wires to the bottom layer, or ripup and autoroute all over again.

Geplaatst op 02 augustus 2009 19:26 | Comments (0)

01 juli 2009

Digital Storage Oscilloscope on iMac

For the few who consider using a USB Digital Storage Oscilloscope on Mac OS X. The Voltcraft (i.e. Hantek) model 2090 DSO can be used on the Mac in combination with Oleg Khudyakov's HantekDSO (Linux) software.

Having KDE installed anyway, here is an example of what KDE looks like on the iMac.

Syscompdesign has a simple DSO and OSS software that works on OS X. The 2MHz bandwith I consider too low for my use though.

In search for other suitable DSO's I found none other. What I did find was the HantekDSO package from Oleg K. This opens up the Hantek (Voltcraft and the like) DSO for use under Linux. In short, I managed to compile HantekDSO under OS X (10.5.7) and tested it with the Hantek 2090 (40Mhz) model.

2012-05-02 Update: installation details for HantekDSO 0.5.4 on OS X 10.6.8

$ sudo port install kde ## dependency (would kdelibs3 and kdeutils3 suffice?)
$ sudo port install binutils ## due to libbfd dependency

$ sudo tar xvfz HantekDSO-0.5.4.tar.gz
$ cd HantekDSO
$ sudo ./configure \
--prefix=/opt/local/HantekDSO \
--include=/opt/local/include/ \
--with-extra-libs=/opt/local/lib/x86_64 \ ## my libiberty location
--with-qt-includes=/opt/local/include/ \
--with-qt-libraries=/opt/local/lib/ \
--without-arts
...
Warning: you chose to install this package in /opt/local/HantekDSO,
but KDE was found in /opt/local.
For this to work, you will need to tell KDE about the new prefix, by ensuring
that KDEDIRS contains it, e.g. export KDEDIRS=/opt/local/HantekDSO:/opt/local
Then restart KDE.
Good - your configure finished. Start make now

## -I/opt/local/include added to DEFAULT_INCLUDES in dsoextractfw/Makefile.in ## http://avahi.org/ticket/194
## -I/opt/local/include added to DEFAULT_INCLUDES in dsoextractfw/Makefile.in
## dsoextractfw_LDADD = -lbfd -liberty -lintl added to dsoextractfw/Makefile.in
## include <malloc.h> commented out and added
#include <stdlib.h> in dsoextractfw/dsoextractfw.c ## http://developer.apple.com/technotes/tn2002/tn2071.html

$ sudo make
$ sudo make install

Test in X11 terminal:
$ cd /opt/local/HantekDSO/bin
$ ./hantekdso
=> Ok

Optionally generate documentation using (MacPorts) Doxygen:
$ cd /opt/local/HantekDSO/HantekDSO
$ sudo doxygen -g ## generate template configuration file (in Doxyfile)
$ sudo vi Doxyfile
## set projectname and doc options:
EXTRACT_ALL=YES
EXTRACT_PRIVATE=YES
RECURSIVE=YES
INLINE_SOURCES=YES

$ sudo doxygen ## generate documentation (in ./html)
=> Open ./html/index.html in Safari

Extract firmware from the Voltcraft Driver CD:
$ cd /opt/local/HantekDSO/bin
$ sudo cp /Volumes/DSO-2090\ USB/Driver/DSO20901.sys .
$ sudo cp /Volumes/DSO-2090\ USB/Driver/DSO20902.sys .
$ sudo mv DSO20901.sys DSO20901.SYS ## want extractfw zoekt met uppercase extensie
$ sudo mv DSO20902.sys DSO20902.SYS
$ sudo ./dsoextractfw
...

Load firmware using fxload-osx (built with xcode):
$ ./fxload-osx -t fx2 -I DSO2090_firmware.hex -s DSO2090_loader.hex -D 04b4:2090
And, finally, run HantekDSO:
$ ./hantekdso

You can create a shell- or Applescript to load the FW and start HantekDSO.

Geplaatst op 01 juli 2009 18:11 | Comments (0)